Download ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES-2013&2019 - PET413 Past Question PDF

Topics: Advanced Energy Systems, Energy resource, energy system development, energy process characterization, energy calculations, energy accounting, sustainable energy development, Dynamic Mechanical Spectroscopy, nano-scale material, micro-scale material, nanoindentation, optical microscopy, electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, advanced x-ray characterization, neutron scattering, phase transformation temperatures, density, specific gravity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, electrical conductivity, electrical resistivity, permittivity, permeability, corrosion, oxidation, toughness, materials design, materials modeling, advanced coatings, photovoltaic materials, hybrid solar cells, thermal storage materials, phase change materials, Geothermal electricity, geothermal heat pump, wind resources, wind machinery, energy-generating systems, wind turbine, hydropower technology, ocean energy, hydrogen generation technology, fuel cells, advanced nuclear energy, fission reactors, fusion reactors, thermoelectric materials, piezoelectric materials, pyroelectric materials, magnetostrictive materials, multiferroic magnetoelectric materials, triboelectric materials, artificial photosynthesis

Topics: natural gas accumulations, properties of natural gas, condensate systems, behavior of real gases, concept of thermodynamics, separation and processing, natural gas measurement, compression of natural gas, gas gathering and transportation, Reynolds number

Topics: Thermodynamics, internal combustion engines, air standard cycle, fuel-air cycle, actual cycle, combustion in S.I engines, Combustion in C.I engines, air capacity of four stroke engines, two stroke engines, chemical thermodynamics, fuel, fuel/air mixture requirement, carburetion, carburetors, fuel injection systems, ignition systems, engine friction, lubrication, supercharging of I.C engines, testing of I.C Engines, performance of I.C engines, air pollution, duel-fuel engine, multi-fuel engine, stratified charge engine, stirling engine

Topics: Chemical Engineering Processes, Material Balance, Energy Balance, temperature measurement, temperature conversion, dimensional homogeneity, dimensionless quantities, process flow sheet, process unit, process streams, mass flow rates, volumetric rates, moles, molecular weight, stream composition, mass fraction, mole fraction, concentration, pressure measurement, pressure-sensing devices, process units, degrees of freedom analysis, process flow diagram, multiunit process flow diagram, mass balance, Stoichiometric Equation, Stoichiometric Coefficients, Stoichiometric Ratio, Limiting Reactant, Excess Reactants, Combustion Reactions, Chemical Equilibrium, Multiple-Unit Process Flowcharts, Single-Phase Systems, Multiphase Systems, Ideal Gas Equation of State, liquid density, solid density, gas density, Real Gas Relationships, Compressibility Factor, Virial Equation of State, van der Waals Equation of State, Soave–Redlich–Kwong Equation of State, Kay’s Mixing Rules, phase diagram, Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Curve, Vapor Pressure Estimation, Clapeyron Equation, Clausius–Clapeyron Equation, Cox Chart, Antoine Equation, Partial Pressure, Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, Gibbs’ Phase Rule, Bubble Point, Dew Point, Critical Point, Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, energy balance, steam turbine, heaters, coolers, compressors, Mechanical Energy Balance, Enthalpy Calculations, Constant Heat Capacity, Psychrometric Chart, Heat of Reaction, Heats of Formation, Heat of Combustion, Heat of Reaction Method, Unsteady-State Material Balance, Unsteady-State Energy Balance

Topics: Applied Thermodynamics, Thermodynamics, steam, Internal Latent Heat, entropy, steam generators, boilers, steam boiler, Fire Tube Boilers, Water Tube Boilers, High Pressure Boilers, boiler mountings, draught, chimney, evaporative capacity, boiler efficiency, steam power cycles, Carnot cycle, Rankine cycle, Modified Rankine cycle, Regenerative cycle, Reheat cycle, Binary vapour cycle, reciprocating steam engine, compound steam engines, Multi-Cylinder Engines, uniflow steam engine, steam nozzles, nozzle efficiency, steam injector, steam turbines, turbine efficiencies, reheating steam, steam turbine governing, steam turbine control, steam condensers, condensing plant, jet condensers, surface condensers, gas power cycles, air standard efficiency, dual combustion cycle, Atkinson cycle, Ericsson cycle, Brayton cycle, internal combustion engines, Four-Stroke Cycle Engines, Two-Stroke Cycle Engines, ignition system, fuel injection system, electronic fuel system, cooling system, lubrication systems, Performance Number, Combustion Chamber Design, octane number, Diesel Knock, cetane number, supercharging, dissociation, Engine Performance Curves, Wankel Rotary Combustion Engine, Stratified Charge Engines, Duel-Fuel Engines, air compressors, Reciprocating Compressors, volumetric efficiency, Multi-stage Compression, compressor performance, intercooler, Compressed Air Motors, Rotary Compressors, gas turbines, jet propulsion, Open Cycle Gas Turbines, Constant Volume Combustion Turbines, Gas Turbine Fuels, refrigeration, Air Refrigeration System, Simple Vapour Compression System, Vapour Absorption System, Refrigerants, Air-conditioning Systems, Air-conditioning, load estimation, Air Distribution

Topics: combustion, fuel, ignition, biofuel, fuel additives

Topics: bulk power generation, energy resource, solid fuels, liquid fuel

Topics: system, state, process, law of thermodynamics, properties, property relations, reversible process, open system cycle, vapor engine, gas engine, compressible flow, homogenous process, thermodynamic equilibrium, mixtures, Psychrometrics, chemical potential, mixing, separation, phase equilibrium, reacting mixtures, combustion, fuel cell

Topics: Thermodynamics, energy, energy transfer, energy analysis, closed systems, mass analysis, second law of thermodynamics, entropy, exergy, gas power cycles, refrigeration cycles, thermodynamic properties relations, gas mixtures, gas-vapor mixtures, air-conditioning, chemical reactions, chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium, compressible flow, renewable energy

Topics: temperature, temperature units, atomic mass, molar mass, molecular mass, relative atomic mass, emperical formula, chemical formula, limiting reactant, chemical reactions, gas, gas volume, pressure, standard atmospheric pressure, pressure measurement, gas law, Boyle's law, Charles's law, Gay-lussac law, combined gas law, ideal gas, ideal gas law, kinetic theory, avogardo hypothesis, molar volume, gas volume, gas stoichiometry, thermochemistry, heat, heat capacity, calorimetry, energy, enthalphy, thermochemical reactions, atomic structure, particle, waves, Pauli principle, Periodic law, Aufbau principle, Electron configuration, Atomic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, chemical bonding, molecular structure, ionic compounds, covalence, valence-bond representation, molecular-orbital representation, π BONDING, MULTICENTER π BONDS, coordination compounds, isomerism, solid, liquid, crystals, crystal forces, Ionic Radii, oxidation-reduction, oxidation number, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, ionic notation, balancing equations, concentration, concentration scales, concentration units, dilution, volumetric standard solutions, vapor pressure lowering, freezing-point lowering, boiling-point lowering, Boiling-point elevation, osmotic pressure, Law of distribution, isomerism, functional groups, organic chemistry, biochemistry, thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, Equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier's principle, acid, base, hydrolysis, buffer solution, indicators, weak polyprotic acids, tittration, complex ions, coordination complexes, electrochemistry, solubility product, electrical units, electrolysis, voltaic cells, standard half-cell potentials, free energy, Nonstandard potentials, rate of reactions, rate constant, energy of activation, Nuclear process, Binding energy, nuclear equations, radiochemistry

Topics: Engineering Thermodynamics, Work, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamic properties, temperature, Law of Thermodynamics, Non-Flow Processes, Constant volume process, Constant pressure process, Polytropic process, Adiabatic process, Isothermal process, Flow Processes, Nonsteady-flow processes, Boiler, condenser, Throttling, Reciprocating compressor, Cycle efficiency, Reversibility, irreversibility, Exergy, Gibbs function, steady-flow system, Properties of Fluids, Vapour Power Cycles, carnot cycle, rankine cyclel, reheat cycle, regenerative cycle, economiser, air preheater, steam cycles, Gas Power Cycle, gas turbine cycle, Closed-cycle gas turbine, Intercooling, reheating, Combined gas, steam cycles, Reciprocating engine cycles, Heat Pump, Refrigeration Cycles, Reversed Carnot cycle, Practical refrigeration cycles, Water refrigerator, Absorption refrigerators, Gas cycles, Hygrometry, psychrometry

Topics: Medical Physiology, Cell Signaling, Membrane Transport, Membrane Potential, Physiologic Regulation, plasma membrane structure, Solute Transport Mechanisms, Resting Membrane Potential, cellular signaling, neuromuscular physiology, nervous function, nervous system, action potential synaptic transmission, neurotransmission, Sensory Physiology, sensory system, somatosensory system, visual system, auditory system, vestibular system, Gustatory Systems, Olfactory Systems, motor system, autonomic nervous system, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, Autonomic Integration, Hypothalamus, Brain Electrical Activity, Higher Cognitive Skills, Skeletal Smooth Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Motor Neurons, Excitation, Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Skeletal Muscle Contraction, Muscle Plasticity, Epigenetics, Endocrine Muscle, Smooth Muscle, blood immunology, blood composition, blood function, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelet Formation, Blood Cell Formation, Blood Clotting, Immunology, Organ Interaction, Homeostasis, Immune System Activation, Immune Detection System, Immune System Defenses, Acute Inflammation, Chronic Inflammation, Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Organ Transplantation, Immunology, Immunologic Disorders, Neuroendoimmunology, cardiovascular physiology, Hemodynamics, Cardiac Muscle Mechanics, Cardiac Pump, Cardiac Cycle, Cardiac Excitation–Contraction Coupling, Cardiac Performance, Cardiac Output, Systemic Circulation, Arterial Pressure Measurement, Central Blood Volume, Microcirculation, Lymphatic System, Coronary Circulation, Cerebral Circulation, Hepatic Circulation, Skeletal Muscle Circulation, Cutaneous Circulation, Fetal Circulation, Placental Circulation, Circulatory Shock, respiratory physiology, ventilation, Spirometry, Lung Volumes, Minute Ventilation, Airway Resistance, Gas Transfer, Diffusing Capacity, Pulmonary Circulation, Ventilation, body fluids, Kidney Function, nephron, Renal Blood Flow, Glomerular Filtration, Glomerular Hemodynamic Forces, Tubular Reabsorption, Tubule Secretion, Urinary Concentration Mechanisms, Electrolyte Balance, fluid balance, Acid–Base Homeostasis, gastrointestinal physiology, Salivary Secretion, Gastric Secretion, Pancreatic Secretion, Biliary Secretion, Intestinal Secretion, Carbohydrate Digestion, Carbohydrate Absorption, Water Absorption, Electrolyte Absorption, Mineral Absorption, Vitamin Absorption, Liver Functions, Immune Surveillance, Gastrointestinal Regulation, temperature regulation, exercise physiology, Heat Dissipation, Thermoregulatory Control, Heat Acclimatization, endocrine physiology, Endocrine Control Mechanisms, Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Thyroid Hormone Synthesis, Adrenal Gland, Adrenal Medulla Catecholamines, Endocrine Pancreas, Islets of Langerhans, Islet Hormone Synthesis, Insulin, Glucagon Action, Diabetes Mellitus, Plasma Calcium, Phosphate Regulation, Bone Dysfunction, reproductive physiology, Male Reproductive System, Testicular Function

Topics: Exergy, thermodynamics, exergy, energy analysis, chemical exergy, Exergy analyses of psychrometric processes, refrigeration analysis, heat pump systems, absorption cooling systems analysis, thermal energy storage systems analysis, drying process analysis, renewable exergy analysis, steam plant exergy analysis, cryogenic systems exergy analysis, Exergetic life cycle assessment, Sectoral exergy analysis, aircraft flight systems Sectoral exergy analysis, fuel cell systems Sectoral exergy analysis

Topics: Fluid Mechanics, Fluid-Flow Phenomena, Equations of Fluid Flow, Flow of Incompressible Fluids, Flow of Compressible Fluids, Flow past immersed bodies, Transportation of fluids, Metering of fluids, Agitation of liquids, mixing of liquids, Heat transfer, heat flow in fluids, Heat transfer to fluids without phase change, Heat transfer to fluids with phase change, Radiation heat transfer, Heat exchange equipment, Evaporation, Equilibrium stage operations, Distillation, multicomponent distillation, Leaching, Extraction, Diffusion, Mass Transfer between Phases, Gas Absorption, Humidification Operations, Drying of Solids, Adsorption, Membrane Separation Processes, Crystallization, Properties of Particulate Solids, Handling of Particulate Solids, Mixing of Particulate Solids, Mechanical Separations

Topics: living things, Cell organelles, Cell cycle, Cell division, Cell growth, Cell death, animal kingdom, Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, animal kingdom, Eukaryotoc cell, Plasma Membrane, Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, cytoskeleton, ribosome, Mitochondria, Lysosome, Peroxisome, Chloroplasts, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Citric acid cycle, cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, cell injury

Topics: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Stem cell transplantation, Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, synthetic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation, Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Harvest, bone marrow harvest, Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Marrow Donor search, Core Family Donor Search, Extended Family Donor Search, Unrelated Donor Search, Bone Marrow Registry

Topics: Soil Chemistry, analytical chemistry, geochemistry, Particle Accelerators, Synchrotrons, Stanford Linear Accelerator, Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator, Fermi National Laboratory Accelerator, Brookhaven Realistic Heavy Ion Collider, quarks, leptons, Atomic Numbers, Avogadro’s Number, atomic orbitals, Acid–Base Titrations, Precipitation, Complex Reactions, Chemical Units, Molarity, Molality, Radioactivity, isotopes, mole fractions, Soil Composition, Electrochemical Potentials, carbon dating, Electrochemical Cells, Nernst Equation, Electron Activity, chemical potential, membrane potential, Soil Gas, Oxygen Revolution, soil aeration, soil aerification, Soil Air Quality, Hydrotropism, Hypoxia, soil water chemistry, Oxygen Demand of Water, Total Soil Water Potential, Matric Potential, Pressure Potential, Osmotic Potential, Gravitational Potential, Plant–Soil–Water Energy Relation, water dissociation, Colloidal Chemistry, Colloidal System, soil humus, Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, lipids, Lignins, humic matter, Electron Microscopy, Clay Minerals, Surface Potential, Electric Double Layer, Helmholtz Double-Layer Theory, Gouy–Chapman Double-Layer Theory, Adsorption Isotherms, soil adsorption, water adsorption, Cation Exchange, Cation Exchange Reactions, Cation Exchange Capacity, Langmuir–Vageler Equation, Mono-Divalent Cation Exchange Reaction, Mono-Monovalent Cation Exchange Reaction, Anion Exchange, Phosphate Retention, Phosphate fixation, Phosphate Potential, Soil Reaction, Acid–Base Chemistry, Weathering, Coordination Theory, Complex Formation, chelation, Metal–Organic Complex Reactions, Clay–Organic Compound Complexes

Topics: Helicobacterpylori infection, Urea breath test, Gastrin production, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Plasma amylase activity.pancreas, carbohydrate absorption, stomach, Xylose absorption test, Disaccharidase deficiency, Tests for amino acid absorption, Hartnup disease, cystinuria, Tests for fat absorption, Triglyceride breath test, triolein breath test, illeal function, carcinoid tumors and carcinoid syndrome

Topics: earth structure, lithosphere, mantle, core, specific gravity, Earth's magnetic field, plate tectonics, continental drift, continental margin, geologic time, historical geology, stratigraphy, relative time, absolute time, radiometric time scale, geologic time scale, palentology, Minerals, rocks, weathering, erosion, deposition, Marine erosion, Marine deposition, depositional basin, Lacustrine environment, Desert environment, Glacial Environment, subsurface water, Diagenesis, structural geology, petroleum traps, petroleum, reservoir, recovery techniques, exploration techniques, igneous rock, sedimentary rock, metamoprphic rock, rock cycle, mechanical weathering, chemica weathering, weathering products, downslope movement, floodplain deposits, delta deposits, stream deposits, Marine depth zones, Marine currents, wave types, wave refraction, erosional features, marine shoreline, marine deposition, Basin, Lake basin, lacustrine deposition, lacustrine deposits, desert erosion, desert deposition, desert deposits, Glacier, glacial deposition, glacial deposits, groundwater classification, aquifer, water table, water well, ground water processes, groundwater products, lithification, induration, diagenesis, fracturing, stress, strain, faults, folds, strike, dip, superposition, decriptive geometry, stereographic projection, hydrocarbon traps, structural traps, stratigraphic traps, combination traps, unconformity traps, crude oil, natural gas, reservoir performane, reservoir pressure, resevoir loss, reservoir destruction, reservoir rocks, clastic reservoirs, carbonate reservoirs, seals, pressure-data, geometry, fluid content, Rock sampling, fluid flow, porosity, permeability, reservoir properties, surface geology, surface data, surface geology, drilling operations, well cuttings, cores, electric logging, radioactivity logging, acousting logging, sonic logging, spontaenous potential logs, self potential logs, resistivity logs, induction logs, dual induction-focused logs, electrode logs, radioactivity logs, acoustic logs, drill stem tests, geophysical surveys, geochemical surveys, maps, cross-sections

Topics: Cell Molecular Biology, Cells, genomes, cell chemistry, bioenergetics, proteins, DNA chromosomes, DNA replication, DNA recombination, DNA repair, gene expression control, Membrane Structure, protein sorting, Intracellular Membrane Traffic, Energy Conversion, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Cell Signaling, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, cell death, cell junctions, cancer, stem cells, tissue renewal, pathogens, infection, innate immune systems, adaptive immune systems, genetic code, amino acids

Topics: Physics, JAMB, Friction, work, force, motion, speed, velocity, energy, hydraulic press, relative density, hydrometer, gas law, sound wave, wave, light, mirror,capacitor, electricity, pressure

Topics: JAMB, UTME, biology, Plant cell, fern, plant biology, nutrition, circulatory system, osmoregulation, ecology, variation, hereditary, gene, chromosome, evolution