Topics: digital image processing, Continuous Image Mathematical Characterization, Continuous Image Characterization, light perception, eye physiology, visual phenomena, monochrome vision model, Photometry, Colorimetry, color matching, color spaces, image sampling, image reconstruction, Monochrome Image Sampling Systems, Monochrome Image Reconstruction Systems, Color Image Sampling Systems, image measurement, Discrete Image Mathematical Characterization, Vector-Space Image Representation, Generalized Two-Dimensional Linear Operator, Image Statistical Characterization, Image Probability Density Models, Linear Operator Statistical Representation, Finite-Area Superposition, Finite-Area Convolution, Sampled Image Superposition, Sampled Image Convolution, Circulant Superposition, circulant Convolution, General Unitary Transforms, Fourier transform, cosine transform, sine transform, Hartley transform, Hadamard Transforms, Haar Transforms, Daubechies Transforms, Karhunen–Loeve Transform, wavelet transforms, Linear Processing Techniques, Transform Domain Processing, Transform Domain Superposition, Fast Fourier Transform Convolution, Fourier Transform Filtering, image improvement, Image Enhancement, Contrast Manipulation, Histogram Modification, noise cleaning, Edge Crispening, Color Image Enhancement, Multispectral Image Enhancement, image restoration, image restoration models, Continuous Image Spatial Filtering Restoration, Pseudoinverse Spatial Image Restoration, Statistical Estimation Spatial Image Restoration, Multi-Plane Image Restoration, Geometrical Image Modification, Morphological Image Processing, binary image, Edge Detection, Image Feature Extraction, Image Segmentation, shape analysis, Image Detection, image Registration, Point Processing Image Compression, image compression, video compression, Spatial Processing Image Compression

Topics: peace, conflict, conflict management, International cooperation, security, culture, social values, continuity, discontinuity, zone of instability, direct violence, structural violence, cultural violence, negative peace, positive peace, conflict analysis, social order, traditional management strategies, dispute settlement, conflict resolution, conflict transformation, peace building, peace research, social environment, policy orientation, war, war theory, human nature, frustration-aggression hypothesis, psychoanalytic perspectives, relative deprivation, basic needs, identity formation masculine values, patriarchy, domination, feminism, political economy, economic disparities, free market economy, class relations, international capitalism, International war, economic integration, globalization, social transition, population growth, environmental security, balance of power, collective security, peace keeping operations, humanitarian intervention, Non-provocative defense, civilian based defense, confidence building, disarmament, arms control, peace conversion, negotiation, enquiry, arbitration, judicial settlement, conciliation, mediation, problem solving workshop, second track diplomacy, reconciliation, post-conflict reconstruction, preventive diplomacy, preventive intervention, Human rights, human rights abuses, self-determination, multi-ethnic state, nation-state building, growth-oriented development model international economic imbalance, dependency theories, import substitution industrialization, Human centered development, endogenous development, self-reliance, environmental politics, International policies, Free trade, international organizations, global order, governance, realism, neorealism, international regimes, functionalism, neofunctionalism, world government, anarchism, global civil society, peace movements

Topics: testis, gonad, ovary, sex determination, genital system, Cryptorchidism, undescended testis, genital duct, mesonephric duct, wolffian duct, paramesonephric duct, hypospadias, Epispadias, Bifid penis, double penis, Micropenis, hymen, uterine anomalies, duct system

Topics: Scarcity, demand, supply, demand analysis, supply analysis, public spending, public choice, demand elasticity, supply elasticity, consumer choice, cost, output determination, monopoly, perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, strategic behavior, regulation, antitrust policy, labor market, income, poverty, health care, environmental economics, comparative advantage, open economy

Topics: Microeconomics, Pricing Output Determination

Topics: International Economics, foreign exchange market, exchange rate, spot exchange rate, currency derivatives, eurodollars, xeno-currencies, international monetary system, international organizations, International Interest-Rate Parity Conditions, balance of payments, international finance, open-economy macroeconomics, Mundell-Fleming model, fixed exchange rate, capital movements, speculation, currency crises, long term capital movements, short-term capital movements, flexible exchange rates, Exchange-Rate Determination, Purchasing-Power-Parity Theory, International Monetary Integration, European Monetary Union, Single-Currency Problem, International Debt Crisis, McKinnon's Global Monetary Objective, Tobin tax, John Williamson's Target Zones, International Trade Theory, International Trade Policy, Comparative Costs, International Trade, Heckscher-Ohlin Model, International Factor Mobility, Tariffs, Non-Tariff Barriers, Free Trade, Preferential Trade Cooperation Optimum Tariff, infant industry, Protectionism, growth, trade, globalization

Topics: International Economics, international trade, comparative advantage, opportunity costs, community indifference curves, demand supply, Heckscher–Ohlin Theory, imperfect competition, international trade, economic growth, international trade policy, trade restrictions, tariff, import quotas, international cartels, economic integration, economic development, international resource movements, multinational corporations, balance of payments, foreign exchange, exchange rates, currency swaps, hedging, exchange rate determination, international monetary system, income adjustment mechanism, open-economy macroeconomics, Bretton woods system

Topics: Interest Rate Determination, Commercial Banking, commercial banks, central banking, Non-banking Financial Institutions, Financial Market

Topics: International trade, trade policy, trade policy, tariffs, Regional blocs, preferential trade liberalization, Commercial policy, labour, capital, trade, growth, international public economics, International finance, open economy macroeconomics, Balance-of-payments accounting, foreign exchange, Foreign exchange options, Forward exchange markets, exchange-rate determination, fixed exchange rates, flexible exchange rates, international monetary system

Topics: Semantics, ambiguity, predication, verbs, logic, language comparison, cognition, formal semantics, sentence meaning, compositionality, descriptive meaning, connotations, lexemes, lexical ambiguity, compositional ambiguity, contextual ambiguity, deixis, determination, presuppositions, predication, verbs, nouns, adjectives, predicate logic notation, thematic roles, verbs, argument structure diatheses, aspect tense, logical basis, logical relations, sentential logic, meaning relations, synonymy, hyponymy, oppositions, lexical fields, meaning components, semantic features, semantic formulae, semantic primes, Barsalou frames, Japanese numerals