Topics: Acoustic Phonetics, Auditory Phonetics, sound sensations, sound propagation, acoustic filters, voicing, speech acoustic theory, voicing quanta, vocal tract filtering, Pendulums, Standing Waves, Vowel Formants, Digital Signal Processing, continuous signals, discrete signals, Analog-to-Digital Conversion, signal analysis methods, Peripheral Auditory System anatomy, loudness auditory sensation, auditory system frequency response, Auditory Representations, speech perception, Auditory Ability Shapes Speech Perception, Phonetic Knowledge Shapes Speech Perception, Linguistic Knowledge Shapes Speech Perception, speech Perceptual Similarity, speech analysis, vowels, vowel production tube models, vowels Perturbation Theory, vowel formants, acoustic vowel space, Cross-linguistic Vowel Perception, fricatives, turbulence, Fricative Auditory Spectra, fricative perception, vocal tract filter functions, affricates, stops, affricate, bandwidth, nasal stops, laterals, Nasalization, Nasal Consonant Perception