Topics: International Economics, foreign exchange market, exchange rate, spot exchange rate, currency derivatives, eurodollars, xeno-currencies, international monetary system, international organizations, International Interest-Rate Parity Conditions, balance of payments, international finance, open-economy macroeconomics, Mundell-Fleming model, fixed exchange rate, capital movements, speculation, currency crises, long term capital movements, short-term capital movements, flexible exchange rates, Exchange-Rate Determination, Purchasing-Power-Parity Theory, International Monetary Integration, European Monetary Union, Single-Currency Problem, International Debt Crisis, McKinnon's Global Monetary Objective, Tobin tax, John Williamson's Target Zones, International Trade Theory, International Trade Policy, Comparative Costs, International Trade, Heckscher-Ohlin Model, International Factor Mobility, Tariffs, Non-Tariff Barriers, Free Trade, Preferential Trade Cooperation Optimum Tariff, infant industry, Protectionism, growth, trade, globalization

Topics: International trade, trade policy, trade policy, tariffs, Regional blocs, preferential trade liberalization, Commercial policy, labour, capital, trade, growth, international public economics, International finance, open economy macroeconomics, Balance-of-payments accounting, foreign exchange, Foreign exchange options, Forward exchange markets, exchange-rate determination, fixed exchange rates, flexible exchange rates, international monetary system

Topics: International economics, globalization, international trade relations, comparative advantage, tariffs, nontariff barriers, trade regulations, industrial policies, trade policies, regional trading arrangements, multinational enterprises, balance of payments, foreign exchange, exchange rate determination, exchange rate determination, exchange rate adjustments, exchange rate systems, currency crises, macroeconomic policy

Topics: International Economics, International Trade Equilibrium, Production Possibility Curve, Community Indifference Curve, comparative advantage, reciprocal demand, Heckscher-Ohlin Theory, Samuelson’s Factor-Price Equalisation Theorem, economic growth, international trade, commercial policy, tariffs, import quotas, exchange control, international cartels, state trading, International Economic Integration, Balance of Payments, fiscal policy, income adjustment, Foreign Trade Multiplier, Foreign Exchange Rate, Foreign Exchange Rate Policy, devaluation, Optimum Currency Area, Foreign Exchange Market, International Capital Movements, Transfer Problem, international economic relations, foreign trade, economic development, commercial policy, Export Instability, Private Foreign Investment, Multinational Corporations, International Monetary Fund, world bank, International Liquidity, International Debt Problem, debt crisis, International Monetary System, Euro-Dollar Market, European Union, European Monetary System, World Trade Organization, Asian Development Bank

Topics: markets, trade, comparative advantage, international markets, excess supply, excess demand, balance of trade, trade, industrial trade policy, real income, tariffs, import tax, terms, tariff games, Industrial Organization, Industrial trade, Oligopolies, international integration, international labor, international capital, international migration, international investment, foreign investment, income redistribution, economic integration, multinational firms, international externalities, international political economy, international money, balance of payments, current accounts, capital accounts, international deficits, international surpluses, international fiscal policy, monetary policy, foreign exchange market, foreign exchange rates, foreign exchange trading, exchange risk, international financial markets, international credit market, open economy macroeconomics

Topics: International Economics, international trade, comparative advantage, opportunity costs, community indifference curves, demand supply, Heckscher–Ohlin Theory, imperfect competition, international trade, economic growth, international trade policy, trade restrictions, tariff, import quotas, international cartels, economic integration, economic development, international resource movements, multinational corporations, balance of payments, foreign exchange, exchange rates, currency swaps, hedging, exchange rate determination, international monetary system, income adjustment mechanism, open-economy macroeconomics, Bretton woods system

Topics: International Economics, scale economics, imperfect competition, trade, pushing exports, trade blocs, trade blocks, multinationals, international factor movements, foreign exchange, international financial investment, international lending, financial crises, floating exchange rates, internal balance, demand, supply, Community Indifference Curves

Topics: Economics, theory of competitive markets, market failure, public goods, common resources, merit goods, firm behaviour, market structures, monopoly, Firms’ production decisions, monopolistic competition, Oligopoly, Contestable markets, Income inequality, poverty, Heterodox economics, production, growth, unemployment, labour market, Long-run macroeconomics, Saving, investment, financial system, monetary system, Open-economy macroeconomics, Short-run economic fluctuations, Keynesian economics, Aggregate demand, aggregate supply, Supply-side policies, International macroeconomics

Topics: Microeconomics, limits, alternatives, choices, market system, circular flow, price, quantity, efficiency, demand, supply, market equilibrium, market failure, public goods, externalities, government failure, consumer behavior, elasticity, utility maximization, Behavioral Economics, Cost of Production, Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly, Strategic Behavior, Technology, Efficiency, Wage Determination, Rent, Interest, Profit, Natural Resource, Energy Economics, Public Finance, Expenditures, Taxes, Antitrust Policy, Regulation, Agriculture, Income Inequality, Poverty, Discrimination, Health Care, Immigration, International Economics, International Trade, Balance of Payments, Exchange Rates, Trade Deficits, Developing Countries

Topics: International Trade Theory, World Trade, Labor Productivity, Comparative Advantage, Ricardian Model, Income Distribution, Resources, Trade, Heckscher-Ohlin Model, Standard Trade Model, International Location of Production, Export Decisions, Outsourcing, Multinational Enterprises, International Trade Policy, Instruments of Trade Policy, Political Economy of Trade Policy, Trade Policy, Exchange Rates, Open-Economy Macroeconomics, National Income Accounting, Balance of Payments, Money, Interest Rates, Price Levels, Fixed Exchange Rates, Foreign Exchange Intervention, International Macroeconomic Policy, international Monetary Systems, inancial Globalization, Optimum Currency Areas, Developing Countries