Topics: Rhodopsin, ommatidium, Ommatidia, rhodopsin, rhabdome, mosaic picture, Nocturnal insect, crepuscular insect, diurnal insect, Retinal Physiology, Retinal organization, Phototransduction, Molecular cascade, metabotropic receptor, ionotropic receptor, Myopia, astigmatism, amacrine cell, bipolar cell, optic chiasm

Topics: Stone Formation, Chemical free ion activities, Nucleation, Basic Single Stone Former, calcium stones, Calcium oxalate monohydrate, Calcium phosphate brushite, Calcium Stones Hypercalciuria, Calcium Stones Pathophysiology, Calcium Stones Idiopathic Hypercalciuria, Hypercalciuria Dent’s Disease, Calcium Stones Renal leak, Calcium Stones Hypercalciuria, Calcium Stones Hyperparathyroidism, Calcium Stones Hypocitraturia, Calcium Stones Renal Tubular Acidosis, Calcium Stones Hyperoxaluria, Calcium Stones Dietary Hyperoxaluria, Calcium Stones Endogenous hyperoxaluria, Calcium Stones Enteric Hyperoxaluria, Calcium Stones Hyperuricosuria, Uric Acid Stones, Uric Acid, Struvite Stones, Cystine Stones, Nephrolithiasis Treatment

Topics: Lactate ion, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, phosphate buffer system, methionine, thiol ether, pyrrolidine

Topics: Molecular orbital theory, bond order, bond strength, Photoelectron spectroscopy, Ionization energy, Hard-Soft Acid-Base model

Topics: Physical Chemistry, atomic spectra, chemical bonding, molecular quantum mechanics, molecular spectroscopy, gaseous state, liquid state, liquid crystals, mesomorphic state, first law of thermodynamics, second law of thermodynamics, third law of thermodynamics, thermochemistry, chemical equilibria, phase equilibria, Nernst distribution law, Ionic equilibria, elctrolytic conductance, electrolytic transferance, classical statistical mechanics, chemical kinetics, photochemistry, catalysts, solid state, collodial state, surface chemistry, mass spectrometry, macromolecules, irreversible thermodynamics

Topics: Natural Products, Secondary Metabolites, natural product nomenclature, Biogenesis, Biosynthesis, Terpenoids, Acetyl-coenzyme A, terpenes biosynthesis Mevalonate Pathway, Terpenes classification, Hemiterpenoids, Hemiterpenes, Monoterpene, Monoterpenoid, Acyclic monoterpenes, Monocyclic monoterpenes, Bicyclic monoterpenes, ionone, Sesquiterpenes, Acyclic sesquiterpenes, Monocyclic sesquiterpene, Bicyclic sesquiterpenes, Tricyclic sesquiterpenes

Topics: Equilibrium Law, equilibrium constant, Homogenous chemical equilibria, Heterogeneous equilibria system, water dissociation constant, hydrolysis, hydrolysis constant, Solubility equilibria, Common-ion effects

Topics: material science, materials, Atomic Structure, Interatomic Bonding, atomic model, bonding energies, bonding forces, ionic bonding, covalent bond, metallic bond, Polymorphism, Allotropy, crystal structure, Polycrystalline Materials, crystals, corrosion, electrochemical cell

Topics: Membrane transport diseases, Membrane Transport, Channel Proteins, Carrier proteins, Non-mediated Transport, Mediated Transport, Passive-mediated Transport, Active Transporters, ABC Transporters, Ion Gradient–Driven Active Transport, Exocytosis, Endocytosis, Membrane Transport Systems, cystinuria, sitosterolemia, hartnup disorder, Liddle's syndrome, cystic fibrosis, mucoviscidosis

Topics: History of Philosophy, pre-socratic philosophy, western thought, Ionian philosophers, Pythagorean society, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Melissus, Zeno, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Atomists, Socratic period, Sophists, Socrates, Minor Socrativ schools, Democritus, Plato, Moral theory, the stateAristotle, Logic of Aristotle, Politics, Post-Aristotelian philosophy, Early Stoa, Epicureanism, old sceptics, Hellenistic epoch, cynics, eclectics, Neo-Pythagoreanism, Middle platonism, Jewish-Hellenistic philosophy, Plotinian neo-platonism